Many of these students praised the ESP as the first scientific work of medicine because of its clearly structured layout and the lack of magical practice. Consequently, since its publication the ESP has attracted modern physicians, who have explained the injuries based on their knowledge of modern medicine and tried to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed treatments from a modern medical point of view. Most of these publications were more or less philogically oriented. 1) by Breasted in 1930 and the standard edition of the hieroglyphic text in 1959, three more recent major editions of this papyrus in translation with commentary have been published, in addition to some articles that studied single cases. Depending on this, treatment options are given.Īfter the editio princeps (Fig. A verdict follows that comprises three treatment possibilities: either the disease can be treated, or it is a disease “the physician will fight with,” or nothing can be done for the patient. When deemed necessary, differential diagnostics are mentioned as well as an additional explanation of some of the clinical symptoms and specific medical terms. After the title, the diagnostic procedure and relevant clinical signs are enumerated. Again, each case is presented in a clearly structured manner. It describes injuries and wounds from head to toe (a capite ad calcem), separated into 48 cases. The Edwin Smith papyrus (ESP) holds a very special position in the canon of the ten surviving major medical papyri from ancient Egypt.
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